C.1 Jupyter内核概述

本书主要使用Jupyter Lab完成数据科学实践。您可能一直将Jupyter Lab当作一个可以夹杂着Markdown语句的Python集成开发环境。但实际上，Juoyter能做的远远比想象中要多。只需要为Jupyter安装特定的核心，Jupyter就具备了处理其他计算机语言的能力。同理，我们之所以能够在Jupyter Lab里边写Python3的代码，也是因为我们从一开始就安装了Python3的Jupyter核心，您可能没有主动这样做，那是因为我们在安装Jupyter Lab时，程序自动执行了这些操作。

表C.1 对常用的Jupyter核心进行了简单介绍。

表C.1 常用的Jupyter核心

名称	Jupyter/Ipython版本	语言版本	第三方依赖	注释
Coarray-Fortran	Jupyter 4.0	Fortran 2008/2015	GFortran >= 7.1, OpenCoarrays, MPICH >= 3.2	Docker镜像
sas_kernel	Jupyter 4.0	python >= 3.3	SAS 9.4 or higher
IPyKernel	Jupyter 4.0	python 2.7, >= 3.3	pyzmq
IJulia		julia >= 0.3
IRuby		ruby >= 2.1
IJavascript		nodejs >= 0.10
ICSharp	Jupyter 4.0	C# 4.0+	scriptcs
IRKernel	IPython 3.0	R 3.2	rzmq
lgo	Jupyter >= 4, JupyterLab	Go >= 1.8	ZeroMQ (4.x)	Docker镜像
IOctave	Jupyter	Octave		MetaKernel
MATLAB Kernel	Jupyter	Matlab	pymatbridge	MetaKernel
Bash	IPython >= 3	bash		Wrapper
Z shell	IPython >= 3	zsh >= 5.3
Pharo Smalltalk	IPython >= 3	Mac Os X		Paro 64 bits native kernel, zeromq
PowerShell	IPython >= 3	Windows		Wrapper, Based on Bash Kernel
Redis Kernel	IPython >= 3	redis		Wrapper
jove		io.js
jp-babel	Jupyter	Babel
ICalico	IPython >= 2	multiple
IMathics		Mathics
IWolfram		Wolfram Mathematica	Wolfram Mathematica(R), Metakernel	MetaKernel
ILua		Lua
Apache Toree (formerly Spark Kernel)	Jupyter	Scala, Python, R	Spark >= 1.5
Jython	Jupyter>=4.0	Jython>=2.7.0	Java>=7	Java based JSR223 compliant
C	Jupyter	C	gcc
IArm	Jupyter 4	ARMv6 THUMB		基于 ARM Cortex M0+ CPU
SoS	Jupyter 4	Python >=3.4	Support kernels for bash, python2/3, matlab/octabe, javascript, julia, R, Stata, SAS, and more	工作流系统，多内核支持
jupyter-nodejs	Jupyter, iPython 3.x	NodeJS, Babel, Clojurescript
imatlab	ipykernel >= 4.1	MATLAB >= 2016b
jupyter-kotlin	Jupyter	Kotlin 1.1-M04 EAP	Java >= 8
SciJava Jupyter Kernel	Jupyter 4.3.0	Java + 9 scripting languages	Java
IJava	Jupyter	Java 9	Java JDK >= 9	基于新的JShell工具
Teradata SQL kernel and extensions	JupyterLab >= 0.34	SQL	ZeroMQ
iMongo		MongoDB
A Jupyter kernel for Vim script	Jupyter	Vim script
Wolfram Language for Jupyter		Wolfram Engine, i.e., a Wolfram Desktop or Mathematica installation; wolframscriptis optional but recommended		一个用于Wolfram语言(Mathematica)的内核。

我们将在本附录对Jupyter内核的相关操作以及主流的Jupyter核心安装方法进行讲解。